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Developing biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering of the urethra.

Mohamed Selim1, Anthony J Bullock, Keith A Blackwood

  • 1Department of Urology, Menoufia Teaching Hospital, Menoufia, Egypt.

BJU International
|May 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Biodegradable polylactide-co-glycolide scaffolds offer a promising alternative for tissue-engineered buccal mucosa. Sterilization with peracetic acid or gamma irradiation and a specific cell-seeding protocol yield constructs with significant mechanical properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Urology

Background:

  • Human allodermis presents limitations for tissue-engineered buccal mucosa production in urethroplasty.
  • Developing a synthetic, biodegradable scaffold is crucial for advancing buccal mucosa regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a synthetic biodegradable scaffold as an alternative to human allodermis for tissue-engineered buccal mucosa.
  • To evaluate sterilization methods (peracetic acid, gamma irradiation, ethanol) and cell-seeding protocols for polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) scaffolds.
  • To compare the mechanical properties of engineered constructs with native buccal mucosa.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated peracetic acid (PAA), γ-irradiation, and ethanol for sterilizing electrospun PLGA (85:15) scaffolds.

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  • Compared two cell-seeding protocols: simultaneous co-culture vs. sequential seeding of fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
  • Assessed cell viability, proliferation, scaffold contraction, and mechanical properties.

    • Main Results:

    • PAA and γ-irradiation maintained sterility for over 3 months; ethanol did not.
    • All sterilization methods, especially ethanol, reduced scaffold tensile strength.
    • The sequential cell-seeding protocol yielded constructs with approximately 30% of the native buccal mucosa's ultimate tensile stress and increased elasticity.

    Conclusions:

    • PAA and γ-irradiation are suitable sterilization methods for PLGA scaffolds, despite some reduction in mechanical properties.
    • The sequential cell-seeding protocol is effective for generating tissue-engineered buccal mucosa on PLGA scaffolds.
    • Sterilized PLGA 85:15 scaffolds show promise for substitution urethroplasty applications.