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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
Equivalent Resistance01:16

Equivalent Resistance

In circuit analysis, situations often arise where resistors are neither in series nor parallel configurations. To tackle such scenarios, three-terminal equivalent networks like the wye (Y) (Figure 1 (a)) or tee (T) and delta (Δ) (Figure 1 (b)) or pi (π) networks come into play. These networks offer versatile solutions and are frequently encountered in various applications, including three-phase electrical systems, electrical filters, and matching networks.
RLC Series Circuit: Problem-Solving01:30

RLC Series Circuit: Problem-Solving

Consider an AC generator with a frequency of 50 hertz and a voltage of 120 volts. The AC generator is connected to an RLC series circuit with a 20-ohms resistor, a 0.2-henry inductor, and a 0.05-farad capacitor. Determine the impedance, current amplitude, and phase difference between the generator's current and emf.
To solve the problem, first, determine the known and unknown quantities in the problem. Recalling the reactance equation for the inductor and capacitor and substituting the values,...
RLC Series Circuits: Impedance01:29

RLC Series Circuits: Impedance

When current flow is opposed in a DC or AC circuit, it is referred to as resistance or impedance, respectively. Impedance plays a key role in determining the performance of AC circuits. It is represented by Z, which is a combination of resistance and reactance, and depends upon the angular frequency, measured in ohms.
Thus, the magnitude of the impedance is given by the following equation,
Resistance01:19

Resistance

When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
Ohm's Law01:19

Ohm's Law

Resistors are fundamental components in electrical circuits, often manufactured from metallic alloys or carbon compounds. They model a material's ability to resist the flow of electric current, a characteristic that is crucial in controlling and regulating electrical power within a circuit.
This current-resisting behavior of resistors is governed by Ohm's law, which states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

Reference equations for respiratory system resistance and reactance in adults.

Nathan J Brown1, Wei Xuan, Cheryl M Salome

  • 1The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW, Australia. njb@woolcock.org.au

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
|May 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study establishes reference equations for respiratory system resistance and reactance in a large Caucasian population sample. These equations, based on height and weight, aid in assessing lung function in healthy adults.

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Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
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Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Accurate reference equations are crucial for interpreting respiratory function tests.
  • Previous studies may lack large, generalizable populations or detailed health criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive reference equations for respiratory system resistance and reactance.
  • To analyze these parameters in a large, healthy, predominantly Caucasian population sample.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective respiratory health survey conducted in Busselton, Western Australia (2005-2007).
  • Measurements included spirometry, resistance, and reactance at 6, 11, and 19 Hz.
  • Strict eligibility criteria ensured a healthy, non-smoking cohort with no recent respiratory symptoms or infections.

Main Results:

  • 904 eligible subjects (341 male, aged 18-92) provided satisfactory measurements.
  • Reference equations were developed separately for males and females.
  • Height and weight predicted both resistance and reactance; age predicted reactance only.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides validated reference equations for forced oscillatory parameters.
  • These equations are applicable to well-characterized Caucasian individuals without respiratory symptoms.
  • The findings contribute to improved interpretation of lung function in a general population context.