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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions
05:58

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions

Published on: April 20, 2016

The langerhans cell.

K Wolff1, G Stingl

  • 1Department of Dermatology I, University of Vienna, Vienna. Austria.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|May 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Langerhans cells in the epidermis are crucial for immune responses and skin sensitization. UV radiation impairs these cells, leading to immune unresponsiveness instead of sensitization.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions
05:58

Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions

Published on: April 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Langerhans cells are bone marrow-derived immune cells residing in the epidermis.
  • They play a critical role in initiating T-cell responses and immune sensitization.
  • Their function is vital for determining responses to topical antigens and in skin grafting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Langerhans cells in immune responses within the epidermis.
  • To understand the impact of UV radiation on Langerhans cell function and immune outcomes.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which UV radiation affects antigen presentation and T-cell activation.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the functional characteristics of Langerhans cells.
  • It examines their role in antigen-specific T-cell activation and cytotoxic T-cell generation.
  • The effects of UV radiation on Langerhans cell function in vitro and in vivo were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Langerhans cells are essential for epidermal-cell-induced T-cell activation and cytotoxic T-cell generation.
  • Their presence and integrity dictate sensitization or unresponsiveness to topical haptens.
  • UV radiation significantly impairs Langerhans cell functions, including antigen presentation and the production of thymocyte activating factor.
  • In vivo, UV radiation can promote immune unresponsiveness by inhibiting contact sensitization.

Conclusions:

  • Langerhans cells are key regulators of skin immune responses and sensitization.
  • UV radiation disrupts Langerhans cell-mediated immunity, shifting the balance towards unresponsiveness.
  • Interference with antigen processing and thymocyte activating factor production by UV radiation underlies the abrogation of immune responses.