[Hyperfiltration--early sign of chronic renal disease development in males with metabolic syndrome]

To study the time course of changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in different age groups of males with metabolic syndrome (MS).

Eighty-six male patients with MS whose age 35 to 69 years (mean age 53.6 years) were examined. The patients were divided into 3 age groups: 1) 30-50 years (mean age 43.5 years; n = 30); 2) 50-60 years (mean age 54.9 years; n = 36); 3) 60-70 (mean age 66 years; n = 20). The study included only MS patients with stages I-II chronic renal disease (CRD) (according to the NKF K/DOQI classification, 2002). GFR was determined by the Cockroft-Gault formula corrected and uncorrected for a standard body surface area (GFRst, GFRc-g). The obtained values of GFRst and GFRc-g were compared with the population-based standards determined for each formula. The authors identified an increased GFRst (> 110 ml/min/1.73 m2), a normal GFRst (60-110 ml/min/1.73 m2), and a decreased GFRst (< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2), as well as an increased GFRc-g (> 120 ml/min), a normal GFRc-g (80-120 ml/min), and a decreased GFRc-g (< 80 ml/min). GFRst < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) was defined as CRD.

Each age group was found to have deviations of GFR from the normal values towards both its increase and decrease. The young age group showed a larger number of patients with increased GFR and a smaller number of patients with decreased GFR than did the old age group. This trend was seen for both GFRst and GFRc-g, but in the latter case, the spread of hyperfiltration was higher in the age group of 30-50 years and in the total group of patients.

In the first age group, a predominance of hemofiltration precedes the development of CRD in the third age group and may reflect the trend of MS-induced renal lesion.