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Cervical vertebra morphology in different skeletal classes. A three-dimensional computed tomography evaluation.

Miyuki Watanabe¹, Tetsutaro Yamaguchi, Koutaro Maki

¹Department of Orthodontics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.

The Angle Orthodontist

|May 21, 2010

Summary

Cervical vertebra morphology differs between skeletal Class II and Class III jaw relationships. Class II individuals exhibit a significantly shorter atlas dorsal arch height, indicating skeletal patterns influence this cervical feature.

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Area of Science:

Orthodontics
Craniofacial Morphology
Radiology

Background:

Anteroposterior jaw relationships significantly impact facial structure.
Cervical vertebrae morphology is increasingly recognized as a factor in craniofacial development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and describe cervical vertebra morphology in relation to different anteroposterior jaw discrepancies.
To compare atlas dorsal arch height between skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusions.

Main Methods:

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 31 female subjects (aged 19-41) were analyzed.
Subjects were categorized into skeletal Class II (ANB > 5°) and skeletal Class III (ANB < 1°) groups.
Nine linear and one angular measurement assessed vertebral morphology; Mann-Whitney U-test used for analysis.

Main Results:

Skeletal Class II subjects demonstrated a significantly shorter mean atlas dorsal arch height compared to skeletal Class III subjects (P < .05).
CBCT analysis of cervical vertebra morphology showed comparable precision to 3D CT.
Findings confirm previous research linking Class II malocclusion with reduced atlas dorsal arch height.

Conclusions:

The anteroposterior skeletal pattern demonstrably influences the height of the atlas dorsal arch.
Understanding these morphological variations is crucial for diagnosing and treating jaw discrepancies.