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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold sister...
Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

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The Use of Mixed Reality in Custom-Made Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A First Case Report
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[Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita - Part II.].

I Marík1, M Kuklík, J Kraus

  • 1Ortopedická klinika 2. lékarské fakulty KU, Praha.

Acta Chirurgiae Orthopaedicae Et Traumatologiae Cechoslovaca
|May 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates diagnostics and therapy for arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, using clinical-genetical, electromyographical (EMG), and dermatoglyphical examinations. Findings reveal neurogenic lesions and significant dermatoglyphic changes, emphasizing early intervention and multidisciplinary care for improved outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Genetics
  • Neurology

Context:

  • Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) presents complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Part I of this communication detailed current AMC diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities.
  • This study focuses on a cohort of 24 patients with classic and distal AMC.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of clinical-genetical, dermatoglyphical, and electromyographical (EMG) examinations in AMC.
  • To assess the progression of neurogenic lesions through serial EMG examinations.
  • To correlate dermatoglyphic findings with clinical severity and to establish guidelines for surgical intervention in lower extremity contractures.

Summary:

  • Clinical-genetical assessment, including dermatoglyphics and EMG, was employed for diagnostics.
  • EMG revealed neurogenic lesions in 17 patients and mixed myogenic-neurogenic lesions in 3; 5 of 6 showed lesion progression on repeat EMG.
  • Dermatoglyphic analysis in 13 patients indicated significant changes, with vertical papillary lines and increased atdangles correlating with clinical impairment.

Impact:

  • Early surgical intervention for lower extremity contractures, ideally within the first year of life, is recommended.
  • Successful AMC therapy hinges on timely, comprehensive, and multidisciplinary care involving orthopaedic surgeons, rehabilitation specialists, and other relevant experts.
  • Active parental involvement is crucial for successful treatment outcomes in AMC patients.