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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Selective effects of aging on brain white matter microstructure: a diffusion tensor imaging tractography study.

Stijn Michielse1, Nick Coupland, Richard Camicioli

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

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Aging significantly impacts brain white matter (WM) volume and integrity, particularly in the prefrontal cortex. Some white matter tracts show relative preservation with age, suggesting targeted vulnerability.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Brain aging involves structural and microstructural changes in white matter (WM).
  • Understanding age-related WM alterations is crucial for cognitive health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in cerebral white matter microstructure and volume.
  • To identify specific white matter tracts most vulnerable or resilient to aging.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) from 69 healthy adults (22-84 years).
  • Performed quantitative DTI tractography to assess tract volume and diffusion metrics (FA, MD, axial, radial diffusivities).
  • Used automated and manual segmentation for gray matter (GM), WM, CSF, and intracranial volumes.

Main Results:

  • Significant age-related effects observed in WM, GM, and CSF volumes.
  • Aging selectively affected the structural integrity of different white matter tracts.
  • Prefrontal WM showed the highest vulnerability; temporal, cingulum, and parieto-occipital tracts demonstrated relative preservation.

Conclusions:

  • Aging differentially impacts white matter integrity across the brain.
  • Prefrontal white matter is particularly susceptible to age-related decline.
  • Longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these cross-sectional findings.