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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
06:52

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Published on: September 30, 2020

Religiousness and Longitudinal Trajectories in Elders' Functional Status.

Nan Sook Park, David L Klemmack, Lucinda L Roff

    Research on Aging
    |September 28, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    Frequent religious service attendance is linked to fewer daily living difficulties in older adults. This association specifically protected instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) over time.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Sociology of Religion
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Aging populations face increasing challenges with daily living activities.
    • The role of religiousness in mitigating age-related functional decline requires further investigation.
    • Understanding factors influencing activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs) is crucial for geriatric care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the longitudinal impact of religiousness on the progression of ADL and IADL difficulties.
    • To examine how religious service attendance influences the trajectories of functional limitations in older adults.
    • To determine if religiousness offers a protective effect against functional decline in community-dwelling seniors.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of seven waves of data from 784 participants in the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging (1999-2004).
    • Utilized hierarchical linear modeling to assess changes in ADL and IADL difficulties over a three-year period.
    • Controlled for demographic and resource variables in the statistical models.

    Main Results:

    • Frequent religious service attendance was associated with fewer baseline ADL and IADL difficulties.
    • Religious service attendance predicted slower increases in IADL difficulties for frequent attendees versus less frequent attendees.
    • Longitudinal analysis revealed significant protective effects of religious service attendance primarily for the IADL trajectory.

    Conclusions:

    • Religious service attendance demonstrates a cross-sectional association with fewer ADL and IADL difficulties.
    • Longitudinally, religious service attendance offers a protective effect specifically against the progression of IADL difficulties in older adults.
    • Findings suggest religious engagement may play a role in maintaining functional independence in later life, particularly for instrumental tasks.