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A General Method for Evaluating Deep Brain Stimulation Effects on Intravenous Methamphetamine Self-Administration

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Published on: January 22, 2016

Metabolic Abnormalities in Abstinent Methamphetamine Dependent Subjects.

Napapon Sailasuta¹, Osama Abulseoud, Martha Hernandez

¹Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, USA.

Substance Abuse : Research and Treatment

|May 21, 2010

Summary

Chronic methamphetamine use leads to higher brain glutamate levels in abstinent users, suggesting this neurotransmitter contributes to long-term neurotoxicity.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Neuropharmacology

Background:

Chronic methamphetamine use is linked to lasting neuropsychological deficits.
Elevated cerebral glutamate (Glu), an excitatory neurotransmitter, is suspected in methamphetamine dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

To test the hypothesis of elevated cerebral glutamate concentrations in abstinent methamphetamine-dependent (AMD) subjects.
To investigate the role of glutamate in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity.

Main Methods:

Utilized TE-Averaged Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) on a 3T scanner.
Examined 18 AMD subjects (abstinent >3 weeks) and 22 age-matched controls.
Applied Bonferroni correction for statistical analysis.

Main Results:

Significantly higher Glu levels (+19%) in the frontal white matter of AMD subjects (P=0.01).
Lower N-acetylaspartate (NAA), an axonal marker, observed in AMD subjects (-14%, P=0.004).
No significant MRS abnormalities in posterior gray matter.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated significant excess of glutamate in the frontal white matter of AMD subjects.
Results support the hypothesis that methamphetamine abuse causes long-term neurotoxicity via glutamate.