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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Dental Epithelial Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Incisor
08:14

Isolation and Culture of Dental Epithelial Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Incisor

Published on: May 1, 2014

Gene expression and dental enamel structure in developing mouse incisor.

Amer Sehic1, Steinar Risnes, Qalb-E-Saleem Khan

  • 1Department of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Box 1052 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.

European Journal of Oral Sciences
|May 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Mouse incisor enamel thickness varies due to gene expression differences. Ameloblast apoptosis and reduced Amelx/Enam gene expression at the tip create thin enamel, while actin cytoskeleton involvement in adjacent segments forms thicker enamel.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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08:14

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Published on: May 1, 2014

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Using Ex Vivo Live Imaging to Investigate Cell Divisions and Movements During Mouse Dental Renewal
07:37

Using Ex Vivo Live Imaging to Investigate Cell Divisions and Movements During Mouse Dental Renewal

Published on: October 27, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Dental research

Background:

  • Mouse incisor enamel formation differs between the tip and adjacent segments.
  • Thin, prism-free enamel forms at the tip, while thicker, multi-layered enamel develops apically.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving these differences is crucial for dental research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare gene and microRNA expression profiles between mouse incisor tip and adjacent segments.
  • To identify molecular factors influencing enamel thickness and structure.
  • To elucidate the genetic basis of prism decussation in mouse incisor enamel.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative gene-expression profiling using microarrays on RNA from incisor segments at embryonic day (E)17.5 and postnatal days (P)0, 1, 2, and 10.
  • Measurement of messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) species.
  • Validation of expression data using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting.

Main Results:

  • Bioinformatic analysis indicated enhanced cellular apoptosis and diminished Amelx and Enam gene expression in the incisal tip segment, correlating with thin enamel.
  • Genes with higher expression in the adjacent segment showed associations with actin cytoskeleton, cellular development, morphology, and movement.
  • MicroRNA expression data supported findings related to ameloblast organization and enamel formation.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular apoptosis and reduced expression of key enamel matrix genes (Amelx, Enam) contribute to thin enamel at the mouse incisor tip.
  • Actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cellular organization are critical for forming complex, multi-layered enamel with prism decussation in adjacent segments.
  • Differential gene and microRNA expression patterns underlie regional variations in mouse incisor enamel structure.