Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Retina

The Retina

The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

New sonographic marker of borderline ovarian tumor: microcystic pattern of papillae and solid components.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·2019

Same author

Physical activity levels of community-dwelling older adults are influenced by winter weather variables.

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics·2017

Same author

Simulation-based otolaryngology - head and neck surgery boot camp: 'how I do it'.

The Journal of laryngology and otology·2016

Same author

Pubic bone injuries in primiparous women: magnetic resonance imaging in detection and differential diagnosis of structural injury.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·2011

Same author

An extracellular retinol-binding glycoprotein in the rat eye-characterization, localization and biosynthesis.

Neurochemistry international·2010

Same author

The production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against enkephalins.

Neurochemistry international·2010

Same journal

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Produces Persistent Wake-State Instability and EEG Slowing Despite Carbon Monoxide Neuroprotection.

Neurochemistry international·2026

Same journal

Tanshinone IIA alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis: involvement of the KLF4/CHIP/NLRP3 pathway.

Neurochemistry international·2026

Same journal

Attenuating effects of heat-processed Panax ginseng (Red and Black) on methamphetamine-induced behaviors via dopaminergic modulation.

Neurochemistry international·2026

Same journal

Mesenchymal stem cell secretome attenuates disease-associated microglial activation and cognitive decline in TBI-associated neuroinflammation.

Neurochemistry international·2026

Same journal

Cordycepin alleviates aluminium chloride-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos by modulating inflammation and Wnt signaling.

Neurochemistry international·2026

Same journal

PPARα activation with fenofibrate confers hippocampal neuroprotection but lacks disease-modifying efficacy in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy.

Neurochemistry international·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Split Retina as an Improved Flatmount Preparation for Studying Inner Nuclear Layer Neurons in Vertebrate Retina

Split Retina as an Improved Flatmount Preparation for Studying Inner Nuclear Layer Neurons in Vertebrate Retina

Published on: January 16, 2024

Retinal organization: Neurotransmitters as physiological probes.

D M Lam¹, R E Marc, P V Sarthy

¹Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Neurochemistry International

|May 22, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers tentatively identified goldfish retinal neurons using GABA, dopamine, and glycine. H1 cone horizontal cells are likely GABA-ergic, while other horizontal cells are not, aiding understanding of retinal pathways.

More Related Videos

Optimized Protocol for Retinal Wholemount Preparation for Imaging and Immunohistochemistry

Optimized Protocol for Retinal Wholemount Preparation for Imaging and Immunohistochemistry

Published on: December 13, 2013

Investigating Retinal Circuits and Molecular Localization by Pre-Embedding Immunoelectron Microscopy

Investigating Retinal Circuits and Molecular Localization by Pre-Embedding Immunoelectron Microscopy

Published on: July 12, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Split Retina as an Improved Flatmount Preparation for Studying Inner Nuclear Layer Neurons in Vertebrate Retina

Split Retina as an Improved Flatmount Preparation for Studying Inner Nuclear Layer Neurons in Vertebrate Retina

Published on: January 16, 2024

Optimized Protocol for Retinal Wholemount Preparation for Imaging and Immunohistochemistry

Optimized Protocol for Retinal Wholemount Preparation for Imaging and Immunohistochemistry

Published on: December 13, 2013

Investigating Retinal Circuits and Molecular Localization by Pre-Embedding Immunoelectron Microscopy

Investigating Retinal Circuits and Molecular Localization by Pre-Embedding Immunoelectron Microscopy

Published on: July 12, 2024

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Retinal Cell Biology
Neurochemistry

Background:

The goldfish retina contains diverse neurons utilizing various neurotransmitters.
Identifying specific neurotransmitters in retinal neurons is crucial for understanding visual processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To tentatively identify retinal neurons in goldfish that use GABA, dopamine, and glycine.
To characterize the neurotransmitter profiles of specific retinal cell types, including horizontal and amacrine cells.

Main Methods:

Electrophysiological and pharmacological analyses were used to probe neuronal function.
Morphological characterization of identified neurons was performed.
Investigated neurotransmitter roles using them as physiological probes.

Main Results:

H1 cone horizontal cells, receiving input from red-sensitive cones, meet criteria for being GABA-ergic.
Other horizontal cell types in the goldfish retina were found not to be GABA-ergic.
Putative GABA-ergic amacrine cells (Ab pyriform) and potential dopaminergic (I1) and glycinergic (I2, amacrine cells) interplexiform cells were identified.

Conclusions:

This study provides tentative identifications of GABA-ergic, dopaminergic, and glycinergic neurons in the goldfish retina.
Utilizing neurotransmitters as physiological probes enhances understanding of retinal transmitter-specific pathways.
The findings contribute to elucidating the functional organization of the goldfish retina.