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Related Concept Videos

Nervous Tissue: Myelin01:25

Nervous Tissue: Myelin

The myelin sheath is a multilayered lipid and protein covering that insulates the axon of a neuron, enhancing the speed of nerve impulse conduction. Axons without this sheath are referred to as unmyelinated. Two types of neuroglia, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) are responsible for producing myelin sheaths.
Schwann cells begin to form myelin sheaths around axons during fetal development. They wrap around a small...
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
08:57

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin

Published on: March 26, 2015

Remyelination in the chicken sciatic nerve.

M A Hanwell1, N A Cooper, A D Kidman

  • 1Neurobiology Unit, School of Life Sciences, New South Wales Institute of Technology, Dunbar Building, Wesbourne Street, Gore Hill, N.S.W. 2065 Australia.

Neurochemistry International
|May 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Remyelination restored fast axonal transport in chicken sciatic nerves after diphtheria toxin exposure. However, nerve conduction velocity remained reduced despite normal appearance, indicating functional deficits in remyelinated nerves.

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In Vitro Myelination of Peripheral Axons in a Coculture of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Explants and Schwann Cells
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In Vitro Myelination of Peripheral Axons in a Coculture of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Explants and Schwann Cells

Published on: February 10, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
08:57

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin

Published on: March 26, 2015

In Vitro Myelination of Peripheral Axons in a Coculture of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Explants and Schwann Cells
08:57

In Vitro Myelination of Peripheral Axons in a Coculture of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Explants and Schwann Cells

Published on: February 10, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Demyelination, induced by toxins like diphtheria toxin, disrupts nerve function.
  • Remyelination is the process of re-establishing myelin sheaths around axons.
  • Understanding remyelination's efficacy is crucial for neurological recovery research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional and structural recovery of chicken sciatic nerves after diphtheria toxin-induced demyelination and subsequent remyelination.
  • To assess axonal transport rates and nerve conduction velocities in remyelinated nerves.
  • To examine the histological characteristics of remyelinated nerve fibers, including myelin sheath thickness and Schmidt-Lanterman clefts.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of demyelination in chicken sciatic nerves using diphtheria toxin.
  • Measurement of fast axonal transport rates and nerve conduction velocities at 60 days post-toxin injection.
  • Histological and electron microscopic examination of remyelinated nerve fibers.

Main Results:

  • Fast axonal transport rates returned to normal levels in remyelinated nerves.
  • Nerve conduction velocities were significantly reduced in remyelinated nerves compared to controls.
  • Histological examination revealed thin myelin sheaths and a notable presence of Schmidt-Lanterman clefts in remyelinated fibers.

Conclusions:

  • Remyelination can restore axonal transport function but may not fully restore nerve conduction velocity.
  • Thin myelin sheaths and altered Schmidt-Lanterman clefts characterize remyelinated nerves, potentially explaining functional deficits.
  • This study highlights the complexities of functional recovery following demyelination and remyelination.