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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Eliot S Katz1, Carolyn M D'Ambrosio

  • 1Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Mailstop 208, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. eliot.katz@childrens.harvard.edu

Clinics in Chest Medicine
|May 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children causes serious health issues like metabolic and cardiovascular problems. Treatment for pediatric OSAS depends on its cause, how severe it is, and the patient

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Published on: October 18, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Childhood Morbidity

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent condition in children, significantly contributing to metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive health issues.
  • Increased upper airway resistance during sleep in affected children stems from factors like soft tissue hypertrophy, craniofacial abnormalities, neuromuscular deficits, or obesity.
  • OSAS in children triggers physiological disruptions including oxidative stress, inflammation, autonomic nervous system imbalance, and impaired sleep regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted health consequences of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
  • To identify the underlying causes of increased upper airway resistance in children diagnosed with OSAS.
  • To underscore the variability in OSAS impact based on genetic and environmental influences.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
  • Analysis of etiological factors contributing to upper airway resistance in children.
  • Examination of genetic and environmental modulators of OSAS severity and impact.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSAS experience a spectrum of adverse health outcomes.
  • Upper airway resistance is multifactorial, involving anatomical and physiological components.
  • Individual susceptibility to OSAS consequences varies significantly.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic strategies for pediatric OSAS must be individualized.
  • Treatment decisions should consider the specific etiology, disease severity, and clinical course.
  • Understanding the variability in OSAS impact is crucial for effective management.