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Decreased Body Temperature

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...

Methods of reducing fever

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:

Temperature Measurement Sites

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

Thermoregulation

Thermoregulation

The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may include:

Fetal Circulation

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol

Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol

Published on: February 18, 2012

Goals and options in keeping preterm babies warm.

A J Lyon¹, Y Freer

¹Simpson Centre for Reproductive Health, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition

|May 22, 2010

Summary

Maintaining a stable thermal environment is crucial for preterm infants. Continuous monitoring of central and peripheral temperatures helps detect cold stress early, improving infant care.

Area of Science:

Neonatalogy
Pediatric Critical Care
Thermoregulation Research

Background:

The critical role of thermal environment control in preterm infant mortality was established over 50 years ago.
Recent evidence underscores the ongoing importance of maintaining optimal thermal conditions for preterm neonates.
Current practices face challenges in defining 'normal' temperature and assessing thermal balance accurately.

Purpose of the Study:

To emphasize the significance of the thermal environment for preterm infants.
To highlight the challenges in defining and monitoring 'normal' body temperature in preterm neonates.
To discuss methods for ensuring thermal stability and preventing cold stress.

Main Methods:

Continuous monitoring and display of both central and peripheral temperatures in preterm infants.

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Assessment of strategies to reduce evaporative heat loss at birth.

Comparison of incubator versus radiant heater effectiveness.

Main Results:

Continuous temperature monitoring provides early detection of cold stress, preceding changes in central temperature.
Reducing evaporative heat loss at birth improves admission temperatures, but outcome effects are unproven.
No conclusive data demonstrate the superiority of incubators over radiant heaters.

Conclusions:

Continuous central and peripheral temperature monitoring is recommended for early cold stress detection in preterm infants.
Further research is needed to validate the impact of interventions like reduced evaporative heat loss on infant outcomes.
The comparative efficacy of incubators versus radiant heaters requires more robust evidence.