Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Isolation and Differentiation of Stromal Vascular Cells to Beige/Brite Cells
07:22

Isolation and Differentiation of Stromal Vascular Cells to Beige/Brite Cells

Published on: March 28, 2013

Strategies for the development of new PPAR agonists in diabetes

Matthew A Cavender1, Stephen J Nicholls, A Michael Lincoff

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. matt.cavender@gmail.com

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation : Official Journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology
|May 22, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes causes metabolic issues like insulin resistance and inflammation, increasing cardiovascular risk. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists may improve these factors and reduce heart disease risk in diabetic patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is linked to metabolic dysfunctions such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and inflammation.
  • These metabolic abnormalities contribute significantly to the elevated cardiovascular risk observed in diabetic populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in metabolic regulation.
  • To evaluate the impact of pharmacologic PPAR agonists on metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating PPARs and their agonists.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and observational studies on PPAR agonist efficacy.

Main Results:

  • PPARs are key regulators of metabolic and physiological pathways.
  • PPAR agonists have demonstrated beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and inflammation.
  • Evidence suggests a potential reduction in cardiovascular events with PPAR agonist therapy.

Conclusions:

  • PPAR agonists represent a promising therapeutic strategy for managing metabolic abnormalities in diabetes.
  • Targeting PPARs may mitigate the cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.

More Related Videos

Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion07:30

Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion

Published on: May 10, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist01:25

Drug-Receptor Interaction: Agonist

Agonists are drugs that interact with specific receptors in the body to produce a biological response. When an agonist binds to a receptor, it activates or enhances the receptor's function, leading to physiological effects. The interaction between agonist drugs and receptors is crucial for their therapeutic action in various medical treatments.
Agonists can bind to receptors in different ways. Some agonists bind directly to the receptor's active site, mimicking the endogenous ligand's action.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...