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In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

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Published on: August 12, 2013

Atmospheric phase measurements with the Mark III stellar interferometer.

M M Colavita, M Shao, D H Staelin

|May 22, 2010

Summary

The Mark III interferometer measures atmospheric turbulence affecting astrometry. It found turbulence outer scale exceeds 2 km, crucial for precise stellar measurements.

Area of Science:

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Atmospheric Science

Background:

Stellar interferometers are vital for high-precision astrometry.
Atmospheric turbulence significantly impacts astrometric accuracy.
The Mark III interferometer is a phase-coherent instrument designed for astrometry.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the effect of atmospheric phase fluctuations on astrometric accuracy.
To present phase measurements from the Mark III interferometer.
To characterize atmospheric turbulence using astrometric data.

Main Methods:

Utilized the Mark III interferometer with a 12-m baseline at Mt. Wilson.
Collected phase fluctuation data across a frequency range of 0.001-100 Hz.
Compared measurements to Kolmogorov spatial spectrum predictions.

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Main Results:

Phase measurements align with Kolmogorov spectrum predictions.
Estimated the atmospheric turbulence outer scale to be greater than 2 km.
Calculated astrometric measurement standard deviation: ~0.14 arcsec for absolute, with reduced error for relative measurements.

Conclusions:

The Mark III interferometer effectively detects atmospheric phase fluctuations.
Turbulence characteristics derived are consistent with existing models.
Findings inform strategies for improving astrometric precision in turbulent conditions.