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Related Concept Videos

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant01:26

Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant

When placed in an external electric field, a dielectric material gets polarized. The charge density in the dielectric material is given by the sum of the bound and free charge densities, while the total charge density can also be written in terms of the total electric field. The bound charge density can be measured in terms of polarization, leading to the relationship between electric displacement and polarization.
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.
Debye–Huckel–Onsager Conductance Equation01:28

Debye–Huckel–Onsager Conductance Equation

The Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation is a cornerstone of physical chemistry, providing a method to determine the molar conductance (Λm) and molar conductance at infinite dilution (Λ°m) for uni-univalent electrolytes.Uni-univalent electrolytes are electrolytes that dissociate in solution to produce one cation with a +1 charge and one anion with a –1 charge per formula unit.This equation addresses two crucial phenomena: the asymmetry effect and the electrophoretic effect. According to this equation,...

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Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
13:44

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Published on: December 27, 2012

Mueller matrix calculations for dielectric cubes: comparison with experiments.

G W Kattawar, C R Hu, M E Parkin

    Applied Optics
    |May 22, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel resolvent kernel method efficiently solves electromagnetic scattering problems for irregular particles. This approach yields a versatile matrix for calculating fields across various refractive indices and incident waves.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electromagnetic theory
    • Computational physics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Electromagnetic scattering analysis is crucial for understanding light-matter interactions.
    • Existing methods face challenges with irregular particle geometries and a wide range of material properties.
    • Efficient computation of scattering properties for diverse applications remains an active research area.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a new resolvent kernel method for solving electromagnetic scattering from irregular homogeneous particles.
    • To demonstrate the method's ability to handle a complete range of refractive indices for a fixed particle size.
    • To validate the method by comparing results with experimental measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a resolvent kernel method based on solving an integrodifferential equation.
    • Calculation of a resolvent kernel matrix applicable to various refractive indices.
    • Application of the matrix to compute near and far electromagnetic fields for arbitrary incident waves.

    Main Results:

    • The resolvent kernel method provides an efficient solution for electromagnetic scattering.
    • A single resolvent kernel matrix enables calculations for diverse refractive indices.
    • Near and far field scattering patterns can be accurately determined for fixed particle size and orientation.
    • Results for a homogeneous cube in random orientation show good agreement with microwave analog measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • The resolvent kernel method offers a powerful and versatile tool for electromagnetic scattering analysis.
    • This method simplifies the computation of scattering properties for irregular particles.
    • The approach has potential applications in fields requiring accurate simulation of light-matter interactions.