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Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However, invadopodia can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessing Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis Doorway-Mediated Vascular Permeability Associated with Cancer Cell Dissemination using Intravital Imaging and Fixed Tissue Analysis
09:42

Assessing Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis Doorway-Mediated Vascular Permeability Associated with Cancer Cell Dissemination using Intravital Imaging and Fixed Tissue Analysis

Published on: June 26, 2019

[Metastatic diffusion, angiogenesis and metastasogenesis].

A Méjean1, T Lebret

  • 1Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Necker, Université Paris Descartes, 149 rue de Sèvres, Paris, France. arnaud.mejean@nck.aphp.fr

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|May 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metastatic diffusion involves a cascade of steps including angiogenesis and epithelial mesenchymal transition. The "seed and soil" theory explains organ-specific colonization, challenging classical clonal selection hypotheses.

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Assessing Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis Doorway-Mediated Vascular Permeability Associated with Cancer Cell Dissemination using Intravital Imaging and Fixed Tissue Analysis
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Metastasis is a complex, multi-step process crucial to cancer progression.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of metastatic diffusion is key to developing targeted therapies.
  • Current research explores novel concepts beyond traditional clonal evolution.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the intricate cascade of events driving metastatic diffusion.
  • To integrate emerging theories like angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and the "seed and soil" hypothesis.
  • To contrast new metastatic concepts with the classical clonal selection hypothesis.

Summary:

  • Metastatic diffusion is an organized, progressive cascade involving angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and premetastatic niche formation.
  • The "seed and soil" theory posits that tumor cells (seed) colonize specific organs (soil) based on microenvironmental compatibility.
  • This contrasts with the idea that metastatic potential is determined by gene expression patterns in the primary tumor, challenging clonal selection.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of modern metastatic theories.
  • Highlights the importance of the tumor microenvironment in organotropism.
  • Offers a framework for re-evaluating cancer metastasis research and therapeutic strategies.