Degradation mechanism of diethyl phthalate with electrogenerated hydroxyl radical on a Pd/C gas-diffusion electrode

Using a self-made Pd/C gas-diffusion electrode as the cathode and a Ti/IrO(2)/RuO(2) anode, the degradation of diethyl phthalate (DEP) has been investigated in an undivided electrolysis device by electrochemical oxidation processes. Hydroxyl radical (HO) was determined in the reaction mixture by the electron spin resonance spectrum (ESR). The result indicated that the Pd/C catalyst in Pd/C gas-diffusion electrode system accelerated the two-electron reduction of fed O(2) to H(2)O(2), which is in favor of producing HO. Additionally, the percentage removal of DEP and COD reached about 80.9 and 40.2% after 9h electrolysis, respectively. It suggested that most of DEP were oxidized to intermediates using the Pd/C gas-diffusion electrode. Furthermore, the ratio of BOD(5)/COD of resulted solutions was three times larger than the initial ones. Hence, the electrochemical oxidation enhanced the biodegradation character of the DEP solution. Finally, main aromatic intermediates (e.g., monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and phthalic acid (PA)) and main aliphatic carboxylic intermediates (e.g., formic, mesoxalic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, dodecanoic, and hexadecanoic acids) were identified by GC-MS. Moreover, a reaction scheme involving all these intermediates was proposed.