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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 

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Related Experiment Videos

Targeting inflammation using selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators.

Karolien De Bosscher1, Guy Haegeman, Dirk Elewaut

  • 1Laboratory for Eukaryotic Gene Expression & Signal Transduction (LEGEST), Department of Physiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
|May 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glucocorticoids offer potent anti-inflammatory benefits but cause side effects. Research advances understanding of glucocorticoid receptor regulation to develop strategies for separating therapeutic effects from adverse metabolic impacts.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Glucocorticoids are widely used for their anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Their clinical utility is limited by significant side effects.
  • Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling mediates both therapeutic and adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding glucocorticoid receptor gene regulation.
  • To explore novel strategies for dissociating anti-inflammatory effects from metabolic side effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on glucocorticoid receptor mechanisms.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in glucocorticoid action.
  • Discussion of emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in elucidating GR-dependent gene regulation.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of GR action is crucial for therapeutic development.
  • Novel strategies aim to selectively target anti-inflammatory pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting glucocorticoid receptor pathways offers potential for improved anti-inflammatory therapies.
  • Future research focuses on developing safer glucocorticoid-based treatments with reduced side effects.