Effects of selenium on chromium (VI)-induced hepatotoxicity in adult rats

Chromium, a major environmental pollutant, is known for its wide toxic manifestations. The present experiment pertains to the protective role of selenium (Se) against K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced hepatotoxicity. Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six each: group I served as controls which received standard diet; group II received in drinking water K(2)Cr(2)O(7) alone (700 ppm); group III received both K(2)Cr(2)O(7) and Se (0.5 Na(2)SeO(3) mg/kg of diet); group IV received Se (0.5 mg/kg of diet) for 3 weeks. Exposure of rats to chromium promoted oxidative stress with an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels. A decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were observed. Se supplementation to the diet of group III improved all the parameters cited above. Yet, plasma transaminases (AST and ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels increased, while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased. Co-administration of Se to the diet of group III restored hepatic markers to near-normal values. The biochemical results confirmed the histopathological findings. Therefore, our investigation revealed that Se was effective in preventing K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-induced hepatotoxicity.