Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
Encoding01:19

Encoding

Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
Lobes of the Cerebrum01:22

Lobes of the Cerebrum

The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Memory in the Palm of Your Hand: Smartphone-based Methods for Measuring Memory in the Wild.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Item recognition is associated with gut microbiota composition in healthy humans.

Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Impaired Hippocampal Circuitry and Memory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia.

Nature. Mental health·2026
Same author

Gaze patterns reveal attention-based modulation of lure discrimination.

Cognition·2026
Same author

Reactivation during sleep segregates the neural representations of episodic memories.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Neural Representations of Reward-Related Memories Shift across Development.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures
12:30

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures

Published on: July 2, 2014

Medial temporal lobe contributions to episodic sequence encoding.

Shannon Tubridy1, Lila Davachi

  • 1Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|May 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The hippocampus and medial temporal lobe (MTL) are crucial for remembering event order. Brain activity in these regions during learning predicts accurate recall of event sequences, not just recognition.

More Related Videos

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures
12:30

A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial Temporal Lobe Structures

Published on: July 2, 2014

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Episodic memory involves recalling specific events and their order.
  • The medial temporal lobe (MTL), including the hippocampus, is hypothesized to be vital for sequence memory.
  • Understanding the neural basis of episodic sequence encoding is essential for memory research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the MTL in encoding the order of events.
  • To identify brain activations predictive of successful sequence memory retrieval.
  • To differentiate neural processes involved in sequence memory versus simple recognition.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity.
  • Participants encoded sequentially presented noun triplets.
  • Retrieval tests assessed recognition (old/new) and sequence order (ordered/misordered).

Main Results:

  • Bilateral hippocampal and parahippocampal cortical activations predicted subsequent memory for event order.
  • Higher MTL activation was observed for correctly ordered triplets compared to misordered ones.
  • MTL activation did not correlate with simple recognition of triplets, indicating a specific role in sequence encoding.

Conclusions:

  • The hippocampus and surrounding MTL regions are specifically involved in encoding episodic sequence information.
  • These MTL regions support the retrieval of detailed episodic information necessary for recalling event order.
  • Findings highlight the distinct neural mechanisms underlying sequence memory within the MTL.