Related Experiment Videos

The effects of midazolam administered postoperatively on emergence agitation in pediatric strabismus surgery

Jin Ho Bae1, Bon-Wook Koo, Seon-Jung Kim

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
|May 26, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Postoperative midazolam effectively reduced emergence agitation in children after sevoflurane anesthesia. While slightly prolonging recovery time, it offered a safe and effective solution for managing emergence agitation in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Emergence agitation is a common complication in pediatric patients recovering from sevoflurane anesthesia.
  • Midazolam is a sedative-hypnotic agent with potential benefits in managing postoperative agitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of midazolam administration in preventing and treating emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery.
  • To compare different dosages and administration timings of midazolam.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized study involving 60 pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.
  • Four groups were established: control (saline), and three midazolam groups with varying doses and administration protocols.
  • Agitation scores, anesthesia recovery times, and midazolam dosage were meticulously recorded.

Main Results:

  • Midazolam administration significantly reduced the incidence and severity of emergence agitation compared to the control group.
  • Higher midazolam doses or repeated administration did not significantly increase extubation or PACU stay times.
  • No significant side effects were observed with midazolam administration.

Conclusions:

  • Postoperative midazolam is an effective strategy for reducing emergence agitation in pediatric patients after sevoflurane anesthesia.
  • Midazolam administration offers a favorable safety profile with minimal impact on recovery duration.
  • This approach provides a valuable therapeutic option for enhancing recovery quality in pediatric surgical patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Emergence agitationMidazolamSevoflurane

Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...