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Risk factors related to the development of pressure ulcers in the critical care setting

Toshiko Kaitani1, Keiko Tokunaga, Noriko Matsui

  • 1Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. kaitanit-tky@umin.ac.jp

Journal of Clinical Nursing
|May 27, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Frequent turning and repositioning are crucial for preventing pressure ulcers in emergency intensive care unit (ICU) or high care unit (HCU) admissions. Emergency admission and infrequent patient turning significantly increase pressure ulcer risk.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Nursing research
  • Patient safety

Background:

  • Pressure ulcers are a significant problem, with 8-40% developing in critical care settings.
  • Early identification of risk factors is essential for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for pressure ulcer development in the early admission stage.
  • To inform early interventions to decrease pressure ulcer incidence in critical care.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study involving 98 patients in intensive care unit (ICU) or high care unit (HCU).
  • Data collected from April 16, 2003, to July 15, 2003, in a tertiary care hospital.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of pressure ulcers was 11.2%.
  • Emergency ICU/HCU admission and infrequent turning were significantly associated with pressure ulcer development (p < 0.05).
  • Patients with pressure ulcers received fewer turns (OR = 0.452).

Conclusions:

  • Emergency admission to ICU/HCU and infrequent turning are prognostic indicators for pressure ulcer development.
  • No correlation found between pressure ulcers and APACHE II score or specific medications.
  • Patients admitted directly to ICU/HCU are high-risk, necessitating enhanced preventive strategies.
Abstract

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