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Patient-Specific Polyvinyl Alcohol Phantom Fabrication with Ultrasound and X-Ray Contrast for Brain Tumor Surgery Planning

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Dynamic brain phantom for intracranial volume measurements.

Sukhraaj S Basati¹, Timothy J Harris, Andreas A Linninger

¹Laboratory for Product and Process Design, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering

|May 27, 2010

Summary

This study introduces a novel impedance sensor for continuous monitoring of intracranial ventricular volume, crucial for hydrocephalus treatment. The sensor was validated using a brain phantom and a hydrocephalic rat model, enabling faster medical device design.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neurosurgery
Medical Device Development

Background:

Intracranial ventricular volume monitoring is vital for hydrocephalus management.
Current methods like MRI and pressure monitors lack continuous volume measurement capabilities.
There is a need for real-time ventricular volume assessment in hydrocephalus patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel impedance sensor for continuous intracranial ventricular volume measurement.
To test the sensor's efficacy using a bench-top model and a hydrocephalic rat model.
To accelerate medical device design through rational sensor optimization.

Main Methods:

A brain phantom model emulating lateral ventricle expansion was created.
Sensor prototypes were fabricated and tested for fluid injection/withdrawal over 8 hours.
A microfabricated prototype sensor was validated in a hydrocephalic rat model by measuring CSF removal.

Main Results:

The bench-top model allowed for sensor calibration for animal experiments.
The sensor accurately recorded dynamic volume changes in the hydrocephalic rat model.
The experimental approach demonstrated the sensor's potential for real-time ventricular volume monitoring.

Conclusions:

The novel impedance sensor shows promise for continuous intracranial ventricular volume monitoring.
Testing on brain phantoms prior to animal studies accelerates medical device development.
This approach facilitates rational sensor design and optimization for hydrocephalus treatment.