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Updated: Jun 12, 2026
Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death
Published on: December 27, 2016
Cell death in mammalian cell culture: molecular mechanisms and cell line engineering strategies
Britta Krampe1, Mohamed Al-Rubeai
1School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
Abstract:
Cell death is a fundamentally important problem in cell lines used by the biopharmaceutical industry. Environmental stress, which can result from nutrient depletion, by-product accumulation and chemical agents, activates through signalling cascades regulators that promote death. The best known key regulators of death process are the Bcl-2 family proteins which constitute a critical intracellular checkpoint of apoptosis cell death within a common death pathway. Engineering of several members of the anti-apoptosis Bcl-2 family genes in several cell types has extended the knowledge of their molecular function and interaction with other proteins, and their regulation of cell death. In this review, we describe the various modes of cell death and their death pathways at molecular and organelle level and discuss the relevance of the growing knowledge of anti-apoptotic engineering strategies to inhibit cell death and increase productivity in mammalian cell culture.
Insights
Cell death impacts biopharmaceutical production. Understanding Bcl-2 family proteins and anti-apoptotic strategies can enhance mammalian cell culture productivity by inhibiting cell death.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Cell death is a critical issue in biopharmaceutical cell line production.
- Environmental stress triggers signaling cascades that regulate cell death pathways.
- The Bcl-2 protein family are key regulators of apoptosis, a major cell death process.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review molecular and organelle-level cell death pathways.
- To discuss anti-apoptotic engineering strategies for biopharmaceutical applications.
- To highlight methods for increasing mammalian cell culture productivity.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on cell death mechanisms.
- Analysis of the role of Bcl-2 family proteins in apoptosis.
- Discussion of genetic engineering approaches targeting anti-apoptotic pathways.
Main Results:
- Bcl-2 family proteins act as critical intracellular checkpoints in apoptosis.
- Engineering anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family genes influences protein interactions and cell death regulation.
- Knowledge of these pathways is crucial for developing effective cell culture strategies.
Conclusions:
- Inhibiting cell death through anti-apoptotic engineering can significantly improve biopharmaceutical production.
- Understanding cell death pathways at a molecular level is key to optimizing cell culture.
- Further research into anti-apoptotic strategies holds promise for enhanced biomanufacturing.
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