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Devic's syndrome and primary APS: a new immunological overlap.

D Squatrito¹, S Colagrande, L Emmi

¹Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Careggi Hospital. d.squatrito@yahoo.it

|May 28, 2010

Summary

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune condition. Diagnosing NMO is crucial as optic neuritis and transverse myelitis can also be complications of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), guiding immunosuppressant therapy.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Immunology
Rheumatology

Background:

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or Devic's syndrome, is a rare autoimmune disorder.
NMO was previously classified as a variant of multiple sclerosis.
Key features include optic myelitis and transverse myelitis, often with NMO-IgG antibodies.

Observation:

Comorbidity of NMO with systemic autoimmune diseases is increasingly recognized.
Systemic lupus erythematosus with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a notable comorbidity.
This case presents a patient meeting criteria for both primary APS and NMO.

Findings:

The patient fulfilled diagnostic criteria for both primary antiphospholipid syndrome and neuromyelitis optica.
Neuromyelitis optica-IgG (NMO-IgG) antibody testing is fundamental for diagnosis.
Optic neuritis and transverse myelitis can be neurological complications of APS.

Implications:

Accurate diagnosis of NMO is essential for appropriate patient management.
Identifying NMO-IgG positivity guides the decision for immunosuppressant therapy.
Understanding the overlap between NMO and APS aids in comprehensive patient care.