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Related Concept Videos

Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report01:21

Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report

An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
Types of Reports I: Hand-off Report01:25

Types of Reports I: Hand-off Report

A hand-off report, also known as a change-of-shift report, is a crucial nursing process that ensures the smooth transition of patient care responsibilities between nursing staff.
Following are the key components and categories of hand-off reports:
Purpose and Process:
Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold sister...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas
09:04

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas

Published on: September 5, 2011

Case report: a black and white twin.

M J Claas1, A Timmermans, H W Bruinse

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.j.claas@umcutrecht.nl

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|May 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Albinism, a disorder affecting melanin synthesis, can result in varied appearances, even in twins. This case highlights oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) in one twin, emphasizing the need for genetic testing.

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Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye
09:52

Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye

Published on: September 5, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas
09:04

Guide Wire Assisted Catheterization and Colored Dye Injection for Vascular Mapping of Monochorionic Twin Placentas

Published on: September 5, 2011

Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye
09:52

Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye

Published on: September 5, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Dermatology
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Albinism is an autosomal recessive disorder impacting melanin production, leading to reduced pigmentation.
  • This condition increases risks for skin cancer and vision impairment.
  • Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) affects skin, hair, and eye pigmentation.

Observation:

  • A case of dichorial diamniotic twins born to a Negroid mother is presented.
  • The twins exhibited starkly different appearances: one with light brown skin and dark hair, the other with white skin and red-blond hair.
  • Differential diagnoses included OCA and heteropaternal superfecundation.

Findings:

  • Genetic testing confirmed oculocutaneous albinism type 2 (OCA2) in the second twin.
  • The distinct phenotypes in the twins were attributed to albinism.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering albinism in neonates with unusual pigmentation.
  • Accurate diagnosis of albinism is crucial for managing associated health risks, such as skin cancer and vision problems.
  • The occurrence of albinism in one of two twins necessitates thorough genetic evaluation.