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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection
16:15

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Published on: October 11, 2014

Long-term graft function changes in kidney transplant recipients.

Roberto Marcén, José María Morales, Ana Fernández-Rodriguez

    NDT Plus
    |May 29, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Kidney transplant recipients showed a slow decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Early poor graft function did not predict faster GFR decline, but cyclosporine immunosuppression worsened GFR changes.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

    Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection
    16:15

    Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

    Published on: October 11, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Transplantation immunology
    • Clinical epidemiology

    Background:

    • Monitoring glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is crucial for assessing kidney disease progression.
    • Kidney allograft function decline impacts long-term patient outcomes.
    • Understanding factors influencing GFR decline post-transplant is essential for optimizing patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the rate of kidney allograft function decline, defined by annualized GFR change.
    • To identify patient, donor, and treatment-related factors affecting GFR decline after kidney transplantation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 4,488 kidney transplant recipients from Spain (1990, 1994, 1998, 2002) with at least 1-year allograft survival.
    • Estimation of GFR using the Modification of Diet in Renal Diseases (MDRD) four-variable equation.
    • Application of linear mixed-effects models to assess associations between covariates and annualized GFR change.

    Main Results:

    • Average GFR at 12 months was 51.4 mL/min/1.73 m², with most patients in Stage 3 CKD.
    • Average GFR decline was -1.12 mL/min/year.
    • Recipient gender, HCV status, early eGFR, and proteinuria affected both baseline GFR and decline rate. Time on dialysis, primary disease, and immunosuppression influenced decline rate. Donor age, delayed graft function, rejection, and blood pressure affected baseline GFR. Higher initial graft function negatively impacted GFR slope. Cyclosporine-based immunosuppression showed a less favorable GFR change rate.

    Conclusions:

    • Kidney allograft function exhibits a slow rate of decline post-transplantation.
    • Initial graft function severity does not correlate with accelerated GFR decline.
    • Cyclosporine-based immunosuppression is associated with a more pronounced decline in allograft function compared to other regimens.