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Hemostasis in the surgical patient
1Tulane Medical Center, Dept of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, New Orleans.
Summary
Surgical procedures often reveal hemostatic disorders, impacting both patients and surgeons. This review covers normal blood clotting and common bleeding disorders, aiding in their management.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Pathology
- Hematology
Background:
- Hemostatic disorders pose significant challenges in surgical settings.
- Diagnosis frequently occurs during surgical interventions, both planned and emergent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review normal hemostatic mechanisms.
- To discuss common congenital and acquired coagulopathies relevant to surgery.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of normal hemostasis.
- Review of common congenital bleeding disorders.
- Review of common acquired bleeding disorders.
Main Results:
- Normal hemostasis involves a complex interplay of factors.
- Congenital coagulopathies include hemophilia and von Willebrand disease.
- Acquired coagulopathies include liver disease and anticoagulant-related bleeding.
Conclusions:
- Understanding hemostasis is crucial for surgical management.
- Recognition of common coagulopathies aids in preoperative and intraoperative care.
- This review provides a foundation for managing patients with bleeding risks.