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FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the crayfish nervous system.

A J Mercier¹, I Orchard, V TeBrugge

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada.

The Journal of Experimental Biology

|March 1, 1991

Summary

FMRFamide-like peptides were found in the crayfish nervous system, particularly in the pericardial organs. These peptides, similar to SDRNFLRFamide (F2), influence heart contractions, suggesting neurohormonal roles in circulation and defecation.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Endocrinology
Crustacean Biology

Background:

FMRFamide-like peptides are known in various invertebrates.
Their presence and function in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) nervous systems remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the distribution and biochemical nature of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the crayfish nervous system.
To determine the physiological effects of FLI on crayfish cardiac function.

Main Methods:

Immunocytochemistry using an anti-serum against extended RFamide peptides.
Radioimmunoassay to quantify FLI.
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for biochemical characterization.
In vitro bioassays on isolated crayfish hearts.

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Main Results:

FLI was localized in neuronal structures in the central and peripheral nervous systems, notably in pericardial organs (POs).
The majority of FLI in POs co-eluted with synthetic SDRNFLRFamide (F2) during RP-HPLC.
FLI and peptide F2 significantly increased the rate and amplitude of spontaneous contractions in isolated crayfish hearts.

Conclusions:

FMRFamide-related peptides are present in the crayfish nervous system and likely function as neurohormones.
These peptides, particularly those in POs, play a role in regulating cardiac function.
The findings suggest potential roles in controlling circulation and defecation in crayfish.