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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Transmission of Pathogens01:24

Transmission of Pathogens

Pathogens spread from their reservoirs to susceptible hosts through three main routes: contact transmission, vehicle transmission, and vector transmission. Each route involves distinct mechanisms of transfer.Contact TransmissionThis category includes direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet transmission:Direct contact involves immediate physical interaction between individuals—such as a handshake—which can spread pathogens like Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacterium responsible for...
Rapid Identification of Pathogens01:25

Rapid Identification of Pathogens

MALDI-TOF MS has transformed clinical microbiology by offering a rapid and reliable method for pathogen identification. The traditional approach to microbial identification typically involves time-consuming culture techniques and biochemical tests, which can delay the initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. MALDI-TOF MS avoids these delays by using characteristic ribosomal protein mass patterns of microbial cells, enabling accurate species-level identification within minutes.Principle...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System
12:40

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System

Published on: December 7, 2012

Emerging pathogens in transfusion medicine.

Roger Y Dodd1

  • 1American Red Cross, Holland Laboratory, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855, USA. dodd@usa.redcross.org

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|June 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emerging infections pose ongoing risks for blood transfusions, even with reduced hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus transmission. Vigilance is crucial for blood safety against asymptomatic, blood-borne pathogens like variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

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Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination
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Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Published on: August 24, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System
12:40

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System

Published on: December 7, 2012

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination
10:32

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Published on: August 24, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) pose a significant public health challenge.
  • While risks from hepatitis and human immunodeficiency viruses are minimized, emerging infectious agents present new threats.
  • Asymptomatic, blood-borne infections are particularly concerning for transfusion safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging infections that pose risks to blood transfusion safety.
  • To discuss the evolving landscape of transfusion-transmitted diseases.
  • To contextualize these emerging threats within the broader framework of blood safety.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of emerging transfusion-transmitted infections.
  • Analysis of epidemiologic properties of known and novel pathogens.
  • Discussion of risk mitigation strategies in transfusion medicine.

Main Results:

  • Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus transmission risks are at negligible levels.
  • Emerging infections such as variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, West Nile virus, and Babesia represent significant concerns.
  • The epidemiologic characteristics of emerging transfusion-transmitted diseases can differ from historical threats like AIDS and viral hepatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous monitoring and adaptation are essential for maintaining blood safety.
  • Emerging infectious diseases require ongoing risk assessment and management strategies.
  • Ensuring a safe blood supply necessitates a proactive approach to novel transfusion-transmitted threats.