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Related Concept Videos

Bullying02:04

Bullying

A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Reinforcement01:23

Reinforcement

Positive and negative reinforcement are key concepts in operant conditioning, a learning process where the consequences of a behavior affect the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.
Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus, increasing the frequency of that behavior. For example:
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Punishment01:27

Punishment

Negative reinforcement and punishment are often confused but serve distinct functions in behavior modification. Reinforcement, whether positive or negative, increases the likelihood of a desired behavior, while punishment decreases it.
Punishment can be positive or negative. Positive punishment involves adding an undesirable stimulus, such as scolding, to decrease a behavior. Negative punishment involves removing a desirable stimulus, such as taking away a favorite toy, to decrease behavior.
Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
08:42

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research

Published on: July 31, 2017

Bully prevention in positive behavior support.

Scott W Ross1, Robert H Horner

  • 1Utah State University, USA.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|June 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that a schoolwide intervention called Bully Prevention in Positive Behavior Support (BP-PBS) effectively reduces bullying incidents among elementary students. The program teaches students to withhold social rewards that maintain bullying behaviors.

Keywords:
bullyingpositive behavior supportpreventionsecondary intervention

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • School Interventions

Background:

  • Bullying behaviors present a significant challenge in educational settings.
  • Existing interventions require effective, scalable solutions for widespread implementation.
  • Understanding the social dynamics maintaining bullying is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a schoolwide intervention, Bully Prevention in Positive Behavior Support (BP-PBS).
  • To assess the impact of BP-PBS on reducing bullying incidents and associated social responses.
  • To examine the fidelity and perceived efficiency of the BP-PBS program by school staff.

Main Methods:

  • A single-subject multiple baseline design was employed across six students in three elementary schools.
  • The intervention involved teaching students to withhold social rewards that perpetuate bullying.
  • Data collection focused on bullying incidents and social responses from victims and bystanders.

Main Results:

  • Implementation of BP-PBS was functionally related to a decrease in bullying incidents for all observed students.
  • A reduction in social responses from victims and bystanders was observed following intervention.
  • School staff demonstrated high fidelity in program implementation and reported high effectiveness and efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • The BP-PBS intervention is an effective strategy for reducing school bullying.
  • Withholding social rewards is a viable mechanism for bully prevention.
  • Schoolwide positive behavior support offers a promising framework for addressing bullying behavior.