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Related Concept Videos

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

[Spondylodiscitis - an interdisciplinary challenge].

K Zarghooni1, M Röllinghoff, J Siewe

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie der Universität zu Köln. kourosh.zarghooni@uk-koeln.de

Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|June 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tuberculosis spondylitis, a severe spinal infection, requires prompt diagnosis and a multidisciplinary treatment approach for successful outcomes. Early intervention is key for managing this complex condition.

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A Proinflammatory, Degenerative Organ Culture Model to Simulate Early-Stage Intervertebral Disc Disease.
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A Proinflammatory, Degenerative Organ Culture Model to Simulate Early-Stage Intervertebral Disc Disease.

Published on: February 14, 2021

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

A Proinflammatory, Degenerative Organ Culture Model to Simulate Early-Stage Intervertebral Disc Disease.
05:46

A Proinflammatory, Degenerative Organ Culture Model to Simulate Early-Stage Intervertebral Disc Disease.

Published on: February 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurosurgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Spinal infections, particularly spondylitis, present diagnostic challenges.
  • Tuberculosis is a potential cause of spondylitis, especially in endemic areas.
  • Delayed diagnosis can lead to severe neurological deficits.

Observation:

  • A young man presented with severe lumbar back pain and progressive paraparesis.
  • Imaging revealed lumbar spondylitis (L3-L5) with epidural empyema and bilateral psoas abscesses.
  • Initial treatment for presumed infection was initiated without pathogen identification.

Findings:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) confirmed multisegmental spondylitis and large abscesses.
  • Surgical intervention including laminectomy and spondylodesis was performed.
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified, and treatment was tailored to drug sensitivity testing.

Implications:

  • Successful management of spondylitis requires a multidisciplinary team including infectious disease specialists, surgeons, and radiologists.
  • Aggressive surgical debridement and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are crucial for treating tuberculous spondylitis.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent long-term neurological sequelae and improve patient outcomes.