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Development of receptor bronchial system in isolated preparation of piglet trachea in vitro
Sadi Bexheti1, Naim Haliti, Hilmi Islami
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina, Kosovo.
Insights
The cholinergic and adrenergic systems in piglet airways are developed before birth, showing early responses to acetylcholine. Other receptor systems mature later in extra-uterine life.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Physiology
- Developmental Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- The development of the respiratory system's receptor pathways is crucial for postnatal adaptation.
- Understanding the maturation of airway smooth muscle reactivity is essential for managing respiratory conditions in neonates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the developmental timeline of receptor-mediated bronchial system responses in piglets.
- To characterize the maturation of cholinergic, adrenergic, histaminergic, and prostaglandin receptor systems in the airways from one to six months of extra-uterine life.
Main Methods:
- Isolated tracheal rings from piglets aged 1, 2, 4, and 6 months were used.
- Reactions were tracked in response to acetylcholine (Ach), propranolol (P), histamine (Hist), and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alfa) at varying concentrations.
- Statistical analysis was performed to determine the significance of observed reactions.
Main Results:
- Acetylcholine induced smooth muscle reactions from the first month of extra-uterine life (p < 0.01).
- Propranolol significantly enhanced acetylcholine's effect (p > 0.1).
- Histamine and PGF2-alpha did not cause significant constriction until later developmental stages (4 and 6 months, respectively).
Conclusions:
- The cholinergic and adrenergic systems are developed during intrauterine life, with functional responses observed in the first month post-birth.
- Histaminergic and prostaglandin receptor systems mature later in extra-uterine life.
- The delayed reactivity of tracheal smooth musculature to certain mediators may be due to the immaturity of mast cells and their chemical mediators.
Abstract:
In this paper we present the flow research of the development of receptor bronchial system in the first month of extra-uterine life up to the sixth month of development, performed by tracking the reactions of isolated tracheal rings in acetylcholine (Ach), propranolol (P), histamine (Hist), and prostaglandin (PGF2-alfa) in concentrations of: 10-4, 10-3, 10-2 and 10-1 mol/dm3; in piglets of ages: 1 month, 2 months, 4 months and 6 months. Results shows that Ach causes reaction of smooth muscles from the first month of extra-uterine life (p < 0.01) and that Propranolol (P) significantly emphasizes the effect of Ach (p > 0.1), while histamine and PGF2-alpha do not cause constriction (histamine up to 4 months of age, PGF2-alfa up to 6 months of extra-uterine life). This shows that cholinergic and adrenergic system in piglet airways is developed during intrauterine life and reaction can be registered in the first month of extra-uterine life, while other receptor systems are developed in later periods of extra-uterine life. This suggests that lack of reaction of tracheal smooth musculature (TSM) comes as a result of sufficient non-maturity of mast cells from which chemical mediators, with local functioning, are released.
