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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

Published on: October 11, 2016

Nanoradian angular stabilization of x-ray optical components.

Stanislav Stoupin¹, Frank Lenkszus, Robert Laird

¹Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439, USA. sstoupin@aps.anl.gov

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|June 3, 2010

Summary

Stabilizing x-ray optical elements is crucial for advanced light sources like the x-ray free-electron laser oscillator (XFELO). A new feedback system achieved 13 nrad stability, meeting XFELO requirements.

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Area of Science:

Optics
Particle Accelerators
X-ray Science

Background:

X-ray free-electron laser oscillators (XFELOs) require precise alignment of optical cavities.
Instabilities in mirror orientation and position can reduce output intensity.
An angular stability of approximately 10 nrad (rms) is necessary for XFELOs.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and implement a feedback system for stabilizing x-ray optical elements.
To achieve the high angular stability required for XFELOs.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of the system on relevant monochromators.

Main Methods:

A feedback loop utilizing a null-detection principle was designed.
The feedback system was applied to stabilize a high-energy-resolution x-ray monochromator.
The system was also tested on a high-heat-load monochromator.

Main Results:

The feedback system successfully stabilized x-ray optical elements.
An angular stability of approximately 13 nrad (rms) was achieved.
The system demonstrated its capability for high-precision x-ray optics.

Conclusions:

The developed feedback loop effectively stabilizes x-ray optical elements.
The achieved stability meets the stringent requirements for XFELOs.
This technology is vital for the advancement of XFELOs and related x-ray applications.