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Preanalytical aspects: a neglected issue
1Indivumed GmbH, Hamburg, Germany. juhl@indivumed.com
Abstract:
Considerable research data is available that demonstrate that tissues are under tremendous biological stress when surgically separated from the body. This stress significantly changes gene and protein expression profiles, including activation or inhibition of signalling pathways and their receptors. Many of those are possibly involved in growth regulation and might serve as targets or stratification markers for new drugs. Factors that affect tissue dependent cancer research for target discovery and drug development include drug treatment and anesthesia of patients before surgical tissue removal, intrasurgical ischemia by ligation of main arteries, "cold" ischemia, i.e. the time interval between surgical removal and fixation of tissue, location of tumor biopsy within a given tumor, processing of tissue and fixation protocols and the availability of comprehensive clinical data. Controlled and rapid tissue processing is a prerequisite for understanding biological differences of patient tumors and to utilize these findings (e.g., cancer pathway activity) for targeted molecular therapies.
Insights
Surgical removal causes significant biological stress in tissues, altering gene and protein expression crucial for cancer research. Rapid, controlled tissue processing is vital for identifying new drug targets and enabling molecular therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Surgical separation induces significant biological stress in tissues.
- This stress alters gene and protein expression, impacting signaling pathways involved in growth regulation.
- These alterations present potential targets for novel cancer drugs and biomarkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight factors affecting tissue-dependent cancer research for target discovery.
- To emphasize the importance of controlled tissue processing for molecular therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing research data on tissue stress post-excision.
- Analysis of factors influencing gene and protein expression in surgical tissues.
- Discussion of implications for cancer drug development and targeted therapies.
Main Results:
- Surgical stress profoundly impacts tissue molecular profiles.
- Factors like ischemia, processing time, and fixation protocols significantly influence results.
- Identified molecular changes offer potential therapeutic targets and stratification markers.
Conclusions:
- Controlled and rapid tissue processing is essential for accurate cancer research.
- Understanding molecular changes in patient tumors enables personalized molecular therapies.
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