Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM

Fibronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein present in the extracellular matrix of embryogenic and adult tissue. These molecules primarily aid in regulating cell motility and attachment. A fibronectin molecule is composed of two identical polypeptide chains attached to each other by a pair of disulfide bonds at the C-terminal.
Both proteoglycans and collagen are attached to fibronectin proteins, which, in turn, are attached to integrin proteins. These integrin proteins interact with transmembrane...

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence

Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a variety of strategies to establish infections, including the secretion of extracellular enzymes that act as potent virulence factors. These enzymes facilitate bacterial colonization of host tissues and help evade immune surveillance. By targeting structural components of host tissues and interfering with immune mechanisms, these enzymes play a pivotal role in disease progression.Extracellular Enzymes Facilitating Tissue Invasion: Several bacterial pathogens secrete...

Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments

Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments

Fimbriae and pili are specialized bacterial surface structures that play pivotal roles in adhesion, genetic exchange, and motility. Composed primarily of pilin protein, these hairlike appendages are crucial for bacterial survival and pathogenicity in various environments.Fimbriae: Adhesion and PathogenicityFimbriae are fine, filamentous structures measuring 2–10 nanometers in diameter and are densely distributed on the bacterial cell surface. They facilitate bacterial adhesion to abiotic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Force Nanoscopy Demonstrates Stress-Activated Adhesion between <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Iron-Regulated Surface Determinant Protein B and Host Toll-like Receptor 4.

ACS nano·2025

Same author

The endothelium at the interface between tissues and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in the bloodstream.

Clinical microbiology reviews·2025

Same author

SLUSH peptides of the PSMβ family enable Staphylococcus lugdunensis to use erythrocytes as a sole source of nutrient iron.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2024

Same author

Nanomechanics of CCN1-Mediated <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Phagocytosis.

Nano letters·2024

Same author

Searching for Virulence Factors among <i>Staphylococcus lugdunensis</i> Isolates from Orthopedic Infections: Correlation of <i>β-hemolysin, hemolysin III</i>, and <i>slush</i> Genes with Hemolytic Activity and Synergistic Hemolytic Activity.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023

Same author

von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp)-activated factor XIII and transglutaminase 2 (TG2) promote cross-linking between FnBPA from Staphylococcus aureus and fibrinogen.

Scientific reports·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds

Published on: September 8, 2021

Fibronectin-binding protein B variation in Staphylococcus aureus.

Fiona M Burke¹, Niamh McCormack, Simonetta Rindi

¹Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.

BMC Microbiology

|June 3, 2010

Summary

Staphylococcus aureus fibronectin binding proteins B (FnBPB) show significant variation in human and bovine strains, leading to distinct antigenic properties while maintaining essential ligand-binding functions. This diversity may help the bacteria evade immune responses.

More Related Videos

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

Invasion of Human Cells by a Bacterial Pathogen

Invasion of Human Cells by a Bacterial Pathogen

Published on: March 21, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds

Published on: September 8, 2021

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

Invasion of Human Cells by a Bacterial Pathogen

Invasion of Human Cells by a Bacterial Pathogen

Published on: March 21, 2011

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Immunology
Structural Biology

Background:

Fibronectin binding proteins A and B (FnBPA and FnBPB) are crucial for Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to host proteins like fibrinogen, elastin, and fibronectin.
Previous studies identified seven FnBPA isotypes based on variations in ligand-binding A domains, affecting antigenicity but not function.
This study investigates the variation within FnBPB in human and bovine S. aureus isolates, comparing it with FnBPA diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the allelic variants and isotypes of FnBPB in S. aureus.
To compare the variation of FnBPB with that of FnBPA.
To assess the functional and antigenic implications of FnBPB diversity.

Main Methods:

Phylogenetic analysis of fnbB alleles.
Amino acid sequence comparison of FnBPB A domain isotypes.
Three-dimensional modeling to predict surface-exposed residues.
ELISA and surface plasmon resonance assays to evaluate ligand binding affinities.
Antigenic characterization using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies.

Main Results:

Seven distinct fnbB allelic variants and corresponding FnBPB A domain isotypes were identified, showing 61-85% amino acid identity.
Phylogenetic analysis revealed inconsistencies between fnbB and fnbA gene evolution.
Variant residues are predicted to be surface-exposed, contributing to antigenic diversity.
All seven FnBPB isotypes demonstrated dose-dependent, saturable binding to fibrinogen, elastin, and fibronectin with similar affinities.
FnBPB binding to fibronectin was observed despite the absence of known fibronectin-binding motifs in the A domain.

Conclusions:

Seven FnBPB A domain isotypes exhibit distinct antigenic profiles while retaining conserved ligand-binding capabilities.
Variation in FnBPA and FnBPB across human and bovine S. aureus strains likely serves as an immune evasion strategy.
The novel mechanism of fibronectin binding by FnBPB A domains has implications for vaccine and immunotherapeutic development targeting S. aureus.