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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
Published on: May 20, 2016
[Application of three-dimensional computer models of the nose in rhinology]
Abstract:
A new computer program has been developed designed to simulate all possible variants of nasal septum deformation and anatomical malformation of turbinate bones. Moreover, the program makes it possible to analyse approaches to surgical correction of these problems. Implications of this model for the practical treatment of patients with these disorders are discussed. The program provides a qualitatively new tool for obtaining a deeper insight into a given surgical intervention and facilitates mutual understanding between the surgeon and the patient. Also, it may be used as a teaching aid in the training of young ENT specialists.
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The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
