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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Demonstrating a Linear Relationship Between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Luteinizing Hormone in Kidney Cortex Extracts
Published on: January 22, 2020
Insulin-like growth factors and risk of kidney cancer in men
J M Major1, M N Pollak, K Snyder
1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA. jacqueline.major@nih.gov
Background:
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been shown to increase kidney growth, glomerular filtration rate, and renal function.
Methods:
In the prospective Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) study of 29 133 Finnish male smokers aged 50-69 years, serum concentrations of IGF were measured in samples collected in 1985-1988. A total of 100 men with kidney cancer diagnosed > or =5 years after blood collection through 1997 were compared with a subcohort of 400 men; logistic regression models were used to estimate the risk of developing kidney cancer.
Results:
Men with IGF-I levels >113 ng ml(-1) were 59% less likely to develop kidney cancer than men with levels < or =113 ng ml(-1) (odds ratio=0.41; 95% confidence interval=0.23-0.75). The IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels did not alter the association. No association was observed between IGFBP-3, or molar ratio of IGF-I/IGFBP-3, and kidney cancer.
Conclusions:
Low serum IGF-I levels in this cohort of older middle-aged male smokers are associated with increased kidney cancer risk, independent of IGFBP-3.
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