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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...

Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...

Lineage Commitment

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:

Stem Cell Niche

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Combining Intravital Fluorescent Microscopy (IVFM) with Genetic Models to Study Engraftment Dynamics of Hematopoietic Cells to Bone Marrow Niches

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Concise review: multiple niches for hematopoietic stem cell regulations.

Il-Hoan Oh¹, Kyung-Rim Kwon

¹The Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center, Division of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. iho@catholic.ac.kr

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)

|June 3, 2010

Summary

Bone marrow stem cell niches, endosteal and vascular, regulate hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). While sharing some features, these niches may have distinct roles and responses to stress, suggesting compartmentalized regulation.

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Combining Intravital Fluorescent Microscopy (IVFM) with Genetic Models to Study Engraftment Dynamics of Hematopoietic Cells to Bone Marrow Niches

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Bioengineering of Humanized Bone Marrow Microenvironments in Mouse and Their Visualization by Live Imaging

Bioengineering of Humanized Bone Marrow Microenvironments in Mouse and Their Visualization by Live Imaging

Published on: August 1, 2017

Area of Science:

Hematology
Stem Cell Biology
Bone Biology

Background:

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in specialized bone marrow (BM) niches.
Two primary niches, endosteal osteoblastic and vascular, are known to regulate HSCs.
Recent findings suggest overlapping features between these niches, prompting further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent discoveries on endosteal and vascular HSC niches in BM.
To explore commonalities and unique characteristics of these niches.
To discuss the potential for distinct roles and differential responses to stimuli in HSC regulation.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on HSC niches.
Analysis of common cellular origins and mediators.
Comparison of HSC localization and functional status within different niches.
Evaluation of niche responses to extrinsic conditions and stress.

Main Results:

Both endosteal and vascular niches share common cellular origins and chemical mediators.
HSCs exhibit differential localization within niches based on functional status.
Niche biological activity is differentially influenced by extrinsic environmental conditions.
Evidence suggests potential for compartmentalized niche organization within the BM.

Conclusions:

The endosteal and vascular niches may play distinct roles in regulating HSCs.
Differential responses to environmental stimuli indicate specialized functions.
Multiniche regulation of HSCs is a plausible model for BM organization.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the distinct contributions of each niche.