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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

Implementing routine testing for severe combined immunodeficiency within Wisconsin's newborn screening program.

Mei Wang Baker¹, Ronald H Laessig, Murray L Katcher

¹Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA.

Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

|June 4, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Wisconsin

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Genetics
Public Health

Background:

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a genetic disorder affecting T-cell development, leading to life-threatening infections in infants.
Early diagnosis and bone marrow transplantation significantly improve outcomes for SCID patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the implementation of SCID screening in Wisconsin's newborn screening (NBS) program.
To detail the processes for adding SCID testing to NBS and establishing follow-up protocols.

Main Methods:

Utilized a realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to measure T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs).
TRECs serve as biomarkers for normal T-cell maturation; low levels indicate T-cell lymphopenia consistent with SCID.

Main Results:

Wisconsin's NBS program became the first globally to routinely screen all newborns for SCID starting January 1, 2008.
The study details the successful integration of SCID screening into existing NBS workflows.

Conclusions:

The Wisconsin SCID newborn screening program demonstrates a viable model for other states.
Implementing SCID screening via TREC measurement enhances early detection and improves infant health outcomes.