Postinfectious purpura fulminans secondary to varicella-induced protein S deficiency

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Infectious Diseases
• Hematology
• Immunology

Background:

• Varicella (chickenpox) is a common viral illness in children, typically self-limiting.
• Severe complications, though rare, can occur, necessitating further investigation into their mechanisms.

Observation:

• A 6-year-old child developed purpura fulminans following a varicella infection.
• The child presented with a severe thrombotic disorder characterized by skin necrosis.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with acquired protein S deficiency.
• This deficiency was identified as the likely underlying cause of the purpura fulminans post-varicella.

Implications:

• Understanding the link between varicella and acquired protein S deficiency is crucial for managing severe post-infectious complications.
• This case underscores the importance of considering thrombotic events and their specific deficiencies in children with severe varicella sequelae.