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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
Internal Anatomy of the Kidney01:12

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Kidney01:18

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Kidney

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering and cleaning blood, removing waste products, and regulating electrolyte levels. To perform these essential functions, they require a constant and robust blood supply.
Bloody Supply to the Kidneys:
The kidneys receive their blood supply from the renal arteries, which branch off from the abdominal aorta—the main artery supplying the abdomen and lower body. The renal arteries enter the kidneys at the hilum, a notch on the medial side of each...
External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

External Anatomy of the Kidney

The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...

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Is My Mouse Pregnant? High-Frequency Ultrasound Assessment
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[Heart and kidneys].

D Kiski1, H Reinecke

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderkardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, Münster, Germany. daniela.kiski@ukmuenster.de

Der Internist
|June 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The heart and kidneys are closely linked, with failure in one often impacting the other. Patients with both heart and kidney disease face high risks, yet often receive underuse of vital diagnostics and therapies.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Is My Mouse Pregnant? High-Frequency Ultrasound Assessment
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology and Nephrology
  • Physiology

Context:

  • The heart and kidneys exhibit significant physiological interplay.
  • Heart failure frequently precipitates renal failure via hemodynamic and hormonal pathways.
  • Chronic kidney disease is a major, independent cardiovascular risk factor.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the critical interaction between cardiac and renal systems.
  • To underscore the escalating prevalence and severe outcomes of cardiorenal disease.
  • To address the underutilization of cardiac diagnostics and therapies in this patient cohort.

Summary:

  • Cardiorenal syndrome describes the complex relationship where cardiac dysfunction impacts kidney function and vice versa.
  • Co-existing heart and kidney disease dramatically increases patient morbidity and mortality.
  • The incidence of cardiorenal disease is rapidly increasing globally.

Impact:

  • Recognizing the cardiorenal link is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Addressing the underuse of cardiac interventions in cardiorenal patients is essential.
  • Further research and clinical guidelines are needed to optimize management strategies for cardiorenal disease.