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Related Concept Videos

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
15:00

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli

Published on: August 18, 2023

Stress, genomes, and evolution.

David Mittelman1, John H Wilson

  • 1Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA. david.mittelman@bcm.edu

Cell Stress & Chaperones
|June 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Hsp90 chaperone influences evolution by revealing hidden genetic variation under stress. It also actively induces new genetic and epigenetic changes, mediating environmental impacts on the genome.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
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Published on: August 18, 2023

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Published on: May 21, 2020

Procedure for Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Microorganisms Using a Chemostat
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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Evolutionary change relies on heritable variation for natural selection.
  • The Hsp90 chaperone normally buffers genetic variation effects.
  • Environmental stress can disrupt Hsp90 buffering capacity.

Discussion:

  • Hsp90's role in exposing cryptic genetic variation under stress.
  • Hsp90's capacity to induce novel epigenetic and genetic alterations.
  • Pathways through which Hsp90 mediates environmental influences on the genome.

Key Insights:

  • Hsp90 is central to evolutionary processes in organisms and tumors.
  • Environmental stress, via Hsp90, unmasks latent genetic variation.
  • Hsp90 actively generates new genetic and epigenetic variation.

Outlook:

  • Further research into Hsp90's mechanisms of variation induction.
  • Exploring Hsp90's therapeutic potential in cancer and evolution.
  • Understanding the interplay between chaperones, environment, and genome evolution.