Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...

Understanding Consciousness

Understanding Consciousness

Consciousness can be defined as the state of being aware of and able to think about one's existence, sensations, and surroundings. It encompasses two major components: awareness and arousal. Awareness pertains to the recognition of environmental stimuli and internal states. At the same time, arousal refers to the physiological readiness to engage with these stimuli, which varies significantly between states like sleep and wakefulness.
Sleep, a crucial state, is characterized by reduced physical...

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...

Brain Waves

Brain Waves

Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics:

Altered States of Awareness

Altered States of Awareness

Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain that...

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Disappearing hemispheric lateralization in tactile habituation: an electrophysiological approach.

Somatosensory & motor research·2025

Same author

Incidence and risk factors of hyperoxemia among potentially critically ill patients treated in hospital wards: a retrospective study.

Turkish journal of medical sciences·2025

Same author

A Cross-Sectional Study: Association Between Nutritional Quality and Cancer Cachexia, Anthropometric Measurements, and Psychological Symptoms.

Nutrients·2025

Same author

Neonatal sevoflurane anesthesia can also affect rat medulla spinalis.

Asian biomedicine : research, reviews and news·2025

Same author

Association Between Anthropometric Measurements and Mediterranean Lifestyle in Women Diagnosed with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Data from the Mediterranean Region.

Nutrients·2025

Same author

Integrating Kata Training into School Education: Effects on Sustained Attention and Cognitive Performance in 8-9-Year-Old Children.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Same journal

Influence of the distensibility of large arteries on the longitudinal impedance: application for the development of non-invasive techniques to the diagnosis of arterial diseases.

Nonlinear biomedical physics·2012

Same journal

Fractional modeling dynamics of HIV and CD4+ T-cells during primary infection.

Nonlinear biomedical physics·2012

Same journal

Nonlinear changes in the activity of the oxygen-dependent demethylase system in Rhodococcus erythropolis cells in the presence of low and very low doses of formaldehyde.

Nonlinear biomedical physics·2011

Same journal

Entrainment of marginally stable excitation waves by spatially extended sub-threshold periodic forcing.

Nonlinear biomedical physics·2011

Same journal

Econobiophysics - game of choosing. Model of selection or election process with diverse accessible information.

Nonlinear biomedical physics·2011

Same journal

On multi-strain model for Hepatitis C.

Nonlinear biomedical physics·2011

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

Brain function assessment in different conscious states.

Murat Ozgoren¹, Onur Bayazit, Sibel Kocaaslan

¹Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, 35340, Turkey. murat.ozgoren@deu.edu.tr.

Nonlinear Biomedical Physics

|June 5, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared brain activity during sleep and anesthesia using auditory stimuli. Brain responsiveness changes dynamically with conscious states, with propofol affecting N1 wave components.

More Related Videos

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

Published on: February 6, 2021

Using Fiberless, Wearable fNIRS to Monitor Brain Activity in Real-world Cognitive Tasks

Using Fiberless, Wearable fNIRS to Monitor Brain Activity in Real-world Cognitive Tasks

Published on: December 2, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients

Published on: February 6, 2021

Using Fiberless, Wearable fNIRS to Monitor Brain Activity in Real-world Cognitive Tasks

Using Fiberless, Wearable fNIRS to Monitor Brain Activity in Real-world Cognitive Tasks

Published on: December 2, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Anesthesiology

Background:

Human brain information processing is dynamic and complex, especially across different conscious states like sleep and anesthesia.
Establishing common research conditions for studying brain function during wakefulness, sleep, and anesthesia is crucial.
Understanding altered states of consciousness is a significant challenge in neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate brain functioning across three conscious states: wakefulness, sleep, and anesthesia.
To establish similar research conditions for recording and analyzing brain activity during these states.
To compare auditory processing and brain responsiveness during sleep and anesthesia.

Main Methods:

Utilized a 40-channel EEG polygraph (Nuamps) with a custom-built Embedded Interactive Stimulus Unit for auditory stimulation.
Administered auditory stimuli (modified mismatch, auditory evoked potentials) in both operating room and sleep lab settings.
Incorporated Bispectral Index (BIS) Monitoring for sleep and anesthesia to monitor changes in brain activity.

Main Results:

Auditory stimuli were processed during light and deep sleep stages, with frequency components shifting across stages.
Anesthesia significantly altered brain responsiveness, with dosage-dependent anesthetic administration proving effective.
Propofol administration and deeper sleep stages decreased the N1 wave component; sLORETA showed similar activity at BA7 for sleep (BIS 70) and propofol concentration of 1.2 microg/mL.

Conclusions:

A common approach using similar stimulation and recording systems, along with BIS-dependent values, was validated for studying sleep and anesthesia.
The brain exhibits complex, dynamic behavior, altering its responsiveness based on stimulations and conscious states.
Findings provide insights into brain processing differences and similarities between sleep and anesthesia.