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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Dependence of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Results on Pulse Energies and Timing Parameters Using Soil Simulants
08:53

Dependence of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Results on Pulse Energies and Timing Parameters Using Soil Simulants

Published on: September 23, 2013

Aerosol-induced laser breakdown thresholds: wavelength dependence.

R G Pinnick, P Chylek, M Jarzembski

    Applied Optics
    |June 5, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Laser-induced breakdown thresholds for liquid droplets are significantly lower than for clean air, decreasing with shorter wavelengths and higher refractive indices. This research provides critical data for laser-matter interactions in aerosols.

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    Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

    Dependence of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Results on Pulse Energies and Timing Parameters Using Soil Simulants
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    Published on: September 23, 2013

    Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
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    Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

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    Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
    03:49

    Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

    Published on: June 10, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Laser-induced breakdown phenomena
    • Aerosol physics
    • Nonlinear optics

    Background:

    • Laser-induced breakdown (LIB) in gases is well-studied, but LIB in liquid aerosols is less understood.
    • Aerosols significantly alter laser propagation and interaction dynamics.
    • Understanding breakdown thresholds is crucial for applications involving lasers and atmospheric aerosols.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally determine the laser-induced breakdown thresholds for liquid droplets.
    • To investigate the influence of laser wavelength and droplet properties on breakdown thresholds.
    • To elucidate the physical mechanisms governing aerosol breakdown.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with pulse durations of 5-10 ns.
    • Measuring breakdown thresholds for liquid droplets (e.g., water) at various wavelengths (1.064, 0.532, 0.355, 0.266 µm).
    • Analyzing the effect of droplet composition (refractive index) and laser wavelength on breakdown intensity.

    Main Results:

    • Breakdown thresholds for droplets are 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than for clean air.
    • Thresholds range from 4 x 10^7 to 3 x 10^9 W cm^-2 for 50-µm droplets.
    • Thresholds decrease with decreasing laser wavelength and increasing real refractive index.
    • For water, breakdown intensity scales approximately as λ^0.5.
    • Laser transmission losses and suppression of stimulated Raman scattering were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Aerosol composition and laser wavelength critically influence breakdown thresholds.
    • Enhanced internal fields and multiphoton absorption contribute to lower breakdown thresholds at shorter wavelengths.
    • Findings are relevant for understanding laser propagation in aerosolized environments and potential applications.