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Role of liver function tests in symptomatic cholelithiasis.

Lubna Habib¹, Masoom Raza Mirza, Muhammad Ali Channa

¹Department of Surgery, Hamdard College of Medicine & Dentistry/Hamdard University Hospital, Pakistan. drlubnahabib@yahoo.com

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

|June 8, 2010

Summary

Routine Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are often normal in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. These tests are not reliable predictors for detecting silent common bile duct stones.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Hepatology
Surgical Diagnostics

Background:

Cholelithiasis (gallstones) is a prevalent condition with increasing incidence globally.
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are commonly ordered preoperatively for patients undergoing cholecystectomy.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the diagnostic utility of routine Liver Function Tests (LFTs) in patients presenting with symptomatic cholelithiasis.
To determine if LFTs can predict the presence of common bile duct (CBD) stones in uncomplicated cases.

Main Methods:

Prospective descriptive study of 124 patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis and normal common bile duct caliber on ultrasound.
Data collected included patient history, clinical examination, LFTs, and ultrasound findings.
Patients were categorized based on LFT results (normal vs. deranged).

Main Results:

87.10% of patients had normal LFTs; these were predominantly those with chronic calculous cholecystitis.
12.90% of patients exhibited deranged LFTs, with elevations in bilirubin, AST, or alkaline phosphatase.
No patients in either group had dilated CBD on preoperative imaging or intraoperatively.

Conclusions:

Routine LFTs in preoperative assessment of uncomplicated symptomatic cholelithiasis typically yield normal results.
LFTs are not effective predictors for identifying asymptomatic (silent) common bile duct calculi in this patient population.