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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

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Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles
08:44

Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles

Published on: March 2, 2020

Complex coacervate core micelles from iron-based coordination polymers.

Junyou Wang1, Arie de Keizer, Remco Fokkink

  • 1Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands. junyou.wang@wur.nl

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|June 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) formed with iron coordination polymers exhibit stability. Fe(III)-C3Ms show enhanced stability and lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) compared to Fe(II)-C3Ms, especially under increasing salt concentrations.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer chemistry
  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) are self-assembled structures formed from oppositely charged polymers.
  • Iron coordination polymers offer unique properties for C3M formation.
  • Poly(N-methyl-2-vinyl-pyridinium iodide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (P2MVP-b-PEO) is a cationic copolymer used in C3M synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation and stability of C3Ms incorporating iron coordination polymers (Fe(II) and Fe(III)).
  • To understand the influence of stoichiometry, copolymer excess, and salt concentration on C3M characteristics.
  • To compare the properties of Fe(II)-C3Ms and Fe(III)-C3Ms.

Main Methods:

  • Light scattering was employed to study micelle formation and characteristics.
  • Systematic variation of reactant ratios and salt concentrations was performed.
  • Analysis of critical micelle concentration (CMC) and aggregation number was conducted.

Main Results:

  • Both Fe(II)-C3Ms and Fe(III)-C3Ms are stable at stoichiometric charge ratios for at least one week.
  • Excess iron coordination polymers had minimal impact, while excess P2MVP-b-PEO copolymer dissociated the micelles.
  • Increasing salt concentration decreased scattering intensity, indicating reduced micelle number and aggregation number.
  • Fe(III)-C3Ms demonstrated a lower CMC and superior stability against salt-induced dissociation compared to Fe(II)-C3Ms.

Conclusions:

  • C3Ms formed with iron coordination polymers are robust structures.
  • The charge state of iron significantly influences C3M stability and solution behavior.
  • Scaling arguments successfully explain the salt dependence of CMC and aggregation number in these C3M systems.