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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

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Perinatal risk factors for strabismus.

Tobias Torp-Pedersen1, Heather A Boyd, Gry Poulsen

  • 1Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

International Journal of Epidemiology
|June 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Perinatal factors like low birth weight, prematurity, and congenital abnormalities increase strabismus risk. These factors, particularly congenital abnormalities, may indicate different causes for strabismus subtypes like exotropia.

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Published on: June 24, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Strabismus aetiology is not well understood.
  • Perinatal risk factors for strabismus require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate perinatal risk factors for strabismus in a large birth cohort.
  • To explore differences in risk factors between strabismus subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) data.
  • Reviewed ophthalmological records and national registers for perinatal data.
  • Employed regression analyses to estimate risk ratios for strabismus.

Main Results:

  • Identified 1321 cases of strabismus among 96,842 children.
  • Low birth weight, prematurity, large head circumference, and congenital abnormalities were significant risk factors.
  • Congenital abnormalities were more strongly linked to exotropia than esotropia; Caesarean section was associated with exotropia.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital abnormalities, low birth weight, prematurity, and large head circumference are independent strabismus risk factors.
  • Distinct risk factors for esotropia and exotropia suggest different underlying causes.
  • Infant exotropia with congenital abnormalities warrants medical attention for potential underlying conditions.